15^th European Pathology Congress June 20-21, 2018 | Paris, France

Biography:

Gireesha Rawal has completed her Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) degree at the age of 23 years from Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, and is currently persuing postgraduation in Pathology from Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi. Her areas of interest include breast pathology, immunopathology and female genital tract pathology. She has published many case reports and papers in reputed journals.     

Abstract:

Various prognostic parameters have been described and validated for breast cancer, but the search for newer prognostic factors continues since existing parameters don't provide sufficient information for accurate risk assessment and tailor-made treatment planning. Thus, in the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer, 2011, breast carcinoma was classified on molecular basis. Further this correlated well with immunohistochemical expression of the tumours and was called surrogate molecular classification.

Studies on Cyclin D1 have shown inconsistent and conflicting results with regards to its role in prognosis. 

This study was aimed at classifying breast carcinoma using surrogate molecular classification into immunophenotypes, studying the immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1, and correlating Cyclin D1 as well as immunophenotypes with various parameters.

Fifty cases of breast carcinoma were studied and their pTNM staging and Bloom Richardson (BR) grading done. Immunohistochemistry for Cyclin D1, ER, PR, Her2neu and Ki67 was performed, and they were classified into immunophenotypes.

Majority of the cases (40%) were Luminal A subtype, and least (16%) were Triple negative. Cyclin D1 positivity was seen in 54% cases. Cyclin D1 showed statistically significant decreasing positivity with increasing grade as well as with increasing stage. On correlating immunophenotype with Cyclin D1, 75% Luminal A, 75% Luminal B, 20% Her2neu enriched, and 12.5% triple negative cases were positive for Cyclin D1. This decreasing trend was statistically significant.

This is one of the initial studies from India analyzing immunophenotypes and correlating them with Cyclin D1 expression, in addition to other parameters. The significant association of Cyclin D1 with low stage, low grade and Luminal immunophenotypes may indicate that Cyclin D1 is a good predictive and prognostic factor that closely interacts with hormone signaling pathway. This may aid in investigating the response and clinical outcomes of treatment targeting Cyclin D1.

Biography:

Mark Podberezin has completed his Postdoctoral Research Fellowship during the year of 2001 from Children Hospital Los Angeles and University of Southern California and Residency in Anatomic and Clinical Pathology at University of Illinois at Chicago. He has done the Fellowship in Hematopathology during the year 2013 from Texas Methodist Hospital. He is the Clinical Assistant Professor at University of Saskatchewan, Canada. He has published more than 12 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is one of most lethal forms of cancer, causing about 3000 deaths per year in USA and 5000-in Europe. Asbestos exposure is one of most important causative factor, and latency period after exposure can be as long as 40 years. Being tumor of serosal membranes, it most commonly involves pleura, with minority of cases manifesting as peritoneal mesothelioma. Despite recent advances in multimodality treatment, prognosis of MM patients is dismal, and average survival is less than a year after diagnosis. Most common clinical presentation is unilateral recurring pleural hemorrhagic effusion. However, depending on histologic variant, some patients do not have pleural effusion and present with shortness of breath and increased pleural thickness. The latter is particularly true in sarcomatoid and desmoplastic variants of MM.  Definitive diagnosis of MM can be done on pleural biopsy based on combination of assessment of both morphologic and immunohistochemical findings, with the recent inclusion of molecular cytogenetic findings in the diagnostic armamentarium.  Most crucial and difficult task is to separate malignant process from its benign mimics. And, despite all recent advances in the diagnosis of MM, differential diagnosis between MM and reactive mesothelial proliferation remains major challenge. Importance of careful and thorough morphologic evaluation of growth pattern cannot be overestimated. Presence of invasion is unequivocal criterion of malignancy while absence of definitive invasion seen on the biopsy still cannot completely rule out MM. Therefore, other features, such as cellularity with cell distribution and growth pattern, necrosis, and cytologic atypia have to be evaluated. Recent addition of BAP-1 immunostaining, as well as molecular studies, have proven to be very helpful in differential diagnosis between MM and reactive mesothelial proliferation. Discussion of the above diagnostic aspects is main focus of current presentation.

Biography:

Mitrasadat Rezaei worked as Assistant  professor of pathology at Flowcytometry  department, High Institute for research and education in blood transfusion medicine, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran from 2011-2014. Currently she is working as Assistant professor of pathology at pathology  department, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and lung disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science,Tehran,Iran, from 2014 and she is the  Director of Molecular pathology Laboratory , Masih Daneshvari Hospital from 2014 and she is the Head of cental lab in school of medicine, Shahid beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran from 2016.

Abstract:

Necrotizing SarcoidGranulomatosis(NSG) is a rare granulomatous pneumonitis which is composed of  background of sarcoidosis-like granulomas with granulomatous vasculitis and variable amount of necrosis .We reported  a case of  38-year-old non-smoking woman presented by left-sided chest pain and dyspnea for three days.Chest CT scan exhibitedcollapse consolidation of left lower lobe with presence of  two septated small sized cystic lesions within collapsed segment.Video-Assisted Thoracic surgery (VATS) was performed and histologicalexamination confirmed the diagnosis by excluding other causes of granulomatousdisease.The prognosis of NSG is favorable and medical treatment is usually not necessary,as well as our case.

NSG is a rare disease  with nonspecific symptoms and good prognosis which frequently confused with Wegener’s granulomatosis,sarcoidosis and churgstrauss.this entity should also be considered as differential diagnosis of necrotizing granulomatous diseases.

Keywords: Necrotizing SarcoidGranulomatosis, Granuloma,Necrosis.recognition.

Biography:

Nuri Emrah Goret was born in Turkey in the year 1981. He graduated from medical school in 2006 and completed his residency training in general surgery in 2016. He is currently working at Canakkale State Hospital as a staff surgeon since 2016.

Abstract:

Objective: Colorectal carcinomas are the third most common carcinomas in men and the second most common carcinomas in women worldwide. Pathological examination of rectum specimens requires special attention for correctly evaluating many prognostically important factors. In this study, we aimed to present pathological results of 103 lower anterior resection (LAR) and abdominoperineal resection (APR) specimens that we retrospectively evaluated over a 6-year period.

Patients-Method: One hundred three LAR and APR specimens were included in this study. Patients were evaluated in the Istanbul Ekin Private Pathology Laboratory between January 2010 and January 2016.

Results: Of the 103 specimens, 14 (13.5%) were APR and 89 (86.5%) were LAR specimens. Fifty-six patients (54.4%) were males and 47 patients (45.6%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 61.1 years. Twenty-three patients (22.3%) had undergone neoadjuvant therapy. All surgical margins were negative in 100 specimens (97.1%), whereas a tumor was present in the distal surgical margins in 3 specimens (2.9%). There was no lymph node metastasis in 59 patients (57.3%), whereas there was lymph node metastasis in 44 patients (42.7%). Four (3.9%), 25(24.3%), 58 (56.3%), 12 (11.6%) patients had stage T1, T2, T3, and T4 tumors, respectively, whereas 4 (3.9%) who had undergone neoadjuvant therapy had stage yT0 tumors. Eighty-six (83.6%), 7(6.8%), 4(3.9%), 1 (0.9%), 1 (0.9%), and 4 (3.9%) patients had adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, intramucosal adenocarcinoma in the setting of a high-grade tubulovillous adenoma, synchronous colon/prostate adenocarcinoma, malignant melanoma, and adenocarcinoma diagnosed by the examination of colonoscopic biopsy specimens that showed complete regression with neoadjuvant therapy, respectively.

Conclusion: When evaluating specimens from patients with colorectal carcinoma, pathological evaluation, which is one of the most fundamental pillars, must be performed carefully and meticulously. Each pathological parameter should be evaluated carefully, and clinicians and pathologists should evaluate these cases together.

Biography:

Tahseen M. M. Al Omoush has completed his Fellowship in Dermatopathology and soft tissue pathology from Charles University, Czech and Pathology Residency Program from Institute of pathology, University hospital of Udine, Italy. He is the Assistant Professor, Faculty of medicine, Department of Pathology of Mu’tah University, Al Karak-Jordan. He worked as Specialist histopathologist at University Hospital “Santa Maria Della Misericordia”, Udine, Italy from 1st Sep 2015 to 4st Sep 2016.

Abstract:

Abstract: One hundred cases of trichoblastomas (large nodular, small nodular, cribriform, lymphadenoma, and columnar) were randomly selected and studied for the presence of melanocytic

hyperplasia in the epidermis overlying the tumors, which was defined as foci of increased melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis (more than 1 per 4 basal keratinocytes). Focal melanocytic hyperplasia was detected in a total of 22 cases of trichoblastoma

(22%), and this phenomenon was most frequently seen in columnar trichoblastoma (7 cases), followed by large nodular trichoblastoma (5 cases). The mechanism of epidermal melanocytic

hyperplasia overlying trichoblastoma is unclear. Ultraviolet may be a contributing factor, as focal melanocytic hyperplasia was also detected in one-third of cases in the epidermis overlying uninvolved skin, usually associated with solar elastosis. This is further corroborated by the occurrence of the lesions predominantly on the face. Melanocytic hyperplasia overlying trichoblastoma appears to have no impact on the clinical appearance of the lesion and is recognized only microscopically. In an adequate biopsy specimen containing at least part of trichoblastoma, it should not cause any diagnostic problems.

Key Words: melanocytic hyperplasia, trichoblastoma, adnexal tumors, collision, trichoepithelioma

Biography:

Abstract:

Background:Bladder cancer is the second most frequent malignancy of the urinary tract after prostate cancer.The involvement of lipids in carcinogenesis has been reported in some malignancies. The recently recognized lysophosphatidylcholineacyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1); the most important enzyme in membrane biogenesis, has been currently implicated in carcinogenesis. The role of LPCAT1in bladder cancer development and progression and its impact on patients’ outcome has not been previously investigated.

Methods:In this study, we evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of LPCAT1 in 60 cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma in relation to other clinicopathological features of the tumor as well as patients' prognosis.

Results:LPCAT1was expressed in all studied cases of urothelial carcinomas with two distinct patterns of staining, a strong nuclear expression pattern significantly detected in low grade tumors and a weak cytoplasmic staining with nuclear membrane accentuation significantly seen in high grade tumors. Furthermore, nuclear staining pattern correlated significantly with tumor recurrence, progression and patient's survival. Although tumor stage, vascular invasion, angiogenesis, percent of necrosis and mitotic count in the studied cases were significantly related to tumor recurrence and progression, no significant correlation was detected between any of those variables and LPCAT1 expression. In Multivariate cox regression model including significant variables, LPCAT1 nuclear expression emerged as independent predictor of early tumor recurrence.

Conclusions:We concluded that LPCAT1 protein is likely involved in bladder tumor carcinogenesis, recurrence and progression, and it provides a new perspective for targeted therapy.

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